عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ
He [Muhammad] frowned and turned away
Makkan · 42 ayat · 24th in order of revelation
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ
He [Muhammad] frowned and turned away
أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ
As he was approached by a blind man.
وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ
Yet, for all you know, he [the blind man] may be seeking to improve his moral self,
أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ
Or he may be seeking a higher consciousness — a consciousness that may benefit him.
أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ
Now, as for he who is affluent,
فَأَنتَ لَهُۥ تَصَدَّىٰ
You would [rather] engage him!?
وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ
For it harms you not if he does not improve [himself, by listening to you].
وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ
But as for he [the blind man] who has made an effort to come to you,
وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ
With an attitude of devoutness,
فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ
Him you distract yourself away from?
كـَلَّآ إِنَّهَا تَذۡكِرَةٞ
No, [no] — this is a moral lesson:
فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُۥ
Whoever wishes to, may take note of it.
فِي صُحُفٖ مُّكَرَّمَةٖ
[This moral lesson is] in a venerable script,
مَّرۡفُوعَةٖ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ
Elevated and pristine;
بِأَيۡدِي سَفَرَةٖ
[Well kept] in the care of [angelic] emissa- ries —
كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٖ
[Angels who are] honored and well-mannered.
قُتِلَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ مَآ أَكۡفَرَهُۥ
Death becomes man! [And in life] how ungrateful he is!
مِنۡ أَيِّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقَهُۥ
[Does a person ever consider] out of what material [and in what manner] he was created?
مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ خَلَقَهُۥ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ
From seminal fluid He created him and quantified his [life-sustaining] proportion(s),
ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُۥ
And then [He] facilitated the course [of life’s mobility] for him,
ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُۥ فَأَقۡبَرَهُۥ
And then [He] made him die and be buried;
ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُۥ
And then, should He so will, He shall revive him.
كـَلَّا لَمَّا يَقۡضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُۥ
No, [no] — he [the social being] still falls short of what he was [divinely] ordered to do.
فَلۡيَنظُرِ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦٓ
Let the social being, then, take a long hard look at his food:
أَنَّا صَبَبۡنَا ٱلۡمَآءَ صَبّٗا
How We have inundated [the earth] with downfalls [and rainfalls of] water,
ثُمَّ شَقَقۡنَا ٱلۡأَرۡضَ شَقّٗا
And then fractured [and fissured] the earth,
فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيهَا حَبّٗا
And thereupon caused [food] grain to sprout in it,
وَعِنَبٗا وَقَضۡبٗا
And [the upswing of] vineyards and seasonal produce,
وَزَيۡتُونٗا وَنَخۡلٗا
And [the growth of] olive trees [and evergreens] and date palms [and sweet fruits],
وَحَدَآئِقَ غُلۡبٗا
And gardens compact [with flowers and edibles],
وَفَٰكِهَةٗ وَأَبّٗا
And edible fruits and green produce —
مَّتَٰعٗا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَٰمِكُمۡ
For you and your livestock to enjoy.
فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلصَّآخَّةُ
And so, when the deafening blast erupts,
يَوۡمَ يَفِرُّ ٱلۡمَرۡءُ مِنۡ أَخِيهِ
On a Day when a person shall walk out on his brother,
وَأُمِّهِۦ وَأَبِيهِ
His mother and his father,
وَصَٰحِبَتِهِۦ وَبَنِيهِ
His [lifelong] spouse and his [generational] offspring:
لِكُلِّ ٱمۡرِيٕٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ يَوۡمَئِذٖ شَأۡنٞ يُغۡنِيهِ
Every one of them will be preoccupied with his own affair.
وُجُوهٞ يَوۡمَئِذٖ مُّسۡفِرَةٞ
Faces on that Day will be radiant;
ضَاحِكَةٞ مُّسۡتَبۡشِرَةٞ
Expressing joy, and anticipating a good outcome.
وَوُجُوهٞ يَوۡمَئِذٍ عَلَيۡهَا غَبَرَةٞ
Whereas [other] faces on that Day shall be covered with dust.
تَرۡهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ
Exhausted by the fume of gloom:
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡكَفَرَةُ ٱلۡفَجَرَةُ
Those are the heinous deniers [of Allah’s power and authority].